Roughage utilization in warm climates / M. Chenost & C. Kayouli.

Contents;

1. Recall of the anatomy of the digestive tract of ruminants and the digestive utilisation of low quality forages
1.1 Anatomy of the digestive tract
1.2 The importance of microbes to ruminants
1.3 Digestive utilisation of low quality forages
1.4 Conclusions and strategies which allow maximum value to be obtained from low quality forages

2. Forage treatment
2.1 Physical treatment techniques
2.2 Biological treatment
2.3 Chemical treatment

3. Ammonia treatment
3.1 Ammonia as a reagent
3.2 Success factors for ammonia treatment
3.3 Practical applications
3.4 Conclusion

4. Urea treatment
4.1 Basic principles
4.2 Key success factors for urea treatment
4.3 Practical considerations for urea treatment
4.4 Conclusions relating to urea treatment

5. Effects of treatment on forages
5.1 Physical aspects
5.2 Chemical composition
5.3 Feeding value
5.4 Conclusion concerning the treatments

6. Feed supplements
6.1 Recall of basic nutritional principles
6.2 Practical applications
6.3 Conclusion

7. Results and experiences concerning animal production and the utilisation of low quality forages
7.1 Review of general context
7.2 Use of multinutrient blocks
7.3 Utilisation of treated forages by animal
7.4 Multinutrient blocks or forage treated with urea?
7.5 Conclusion

8. Socio-economic considerations concerning the development of techniques for improving the value of low quality forages
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Economic aspects
8.3 Practical considerations concerning the development of straw improvement techniques
8.4 Impact of the techniques on agricultural systems
8.5 Conclusion

Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-226).