Understanding psychology / Robert S. Feldman.

Includes bibliographical references (p. R-1-R-65) and index.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Psychology 2
MODULE 1 Psychologists at Work 5
MODULE 2 A Science Evolves: The Past, the Present, and the Future 15
MODULE 3 Psychology’s Key Issues and Controversies

CHAPTER 2 Psychological Research 30
MODULE 4 The Scientific Method 33
MODULE 5 Conducting Psychological Research 37
MODULE 6 Critical Research Issues 49

CHAPTER 3 Neuroscience and Behavior 58
MODULE 7 Neurons: The Basic Elements of Behavior 61
MODULE 8 The Nervous System and the Endocrine System: Communicating Within the Body 69
MODULE 9 The Brain 79

CHAPTER 4 Sensation and Perception 96
MODULE 10 Sensing the World Around Us 99
MODULE 11 Vision: Shedding Light on the Eye 103
MODULE 12 Hearing and the Other Senses 113
MODULE 13 Perceptual Organization: Constructing Our View of the World 125

CHAPTER 5 States of Consciousness 138
MODULE 14 Sleep and Dreams 141
MODULE 15 Hypnosis and Meditation 153
MODULE 16 Drug Use: The Highs and Lows of Consciousness 159

CHAPTER 6 Learning 174
MODULE 17 Classical Conditioning 177
MODULE 18 Operant Conditioning 185
MODULE 19 Cognitive Approaches to Learning 199

CHAPTER 7 Memory 210
MODULE 20 The Foundations of Memory 213
MODULE 21 Recalling Long-Term Memories 227
MODULE 22 Forgetting: When Memory Fails 237

CHAPTER 8 Cognition and Language 246
MODULE 23 Thinking and Reasoning 249
MODULE 24 Problem Solving 257
MODULE 25 Language 271

CHAPTER 9 Intelligence 282
MODULE 26 What Is Intelligence? 285
MODULE 27 Variations in Intellectual Ability 303
MODULE 28 Group Differences in Intelligence: Genetic and Environmental Determinants 307

CHAPTER 10 Motivation and Emotion 312
MODULE 29 Explaining Motivation 315
MODULE 30 Human Needs and Motivation: Eat, Drink, and Be Daring 323
MODULE 31 Understanding Emotional Experiences 335

CHAPTER 11 Sexuality and Gender 346
MODULE 32 Gender and Sex 349
MODULE 33 Understanding Human Sexual Response: The Facts of Life 363
MODULE 34 The Diversity of Sexual Behavior 371

CHAPTER 12 Development 388
MODULE 35 Nature and Nurture: The Enduring Developmental Issue/ 391
MODULE 36 Prenatal Development: Conception to Birth 395
MODULE 37 Infancy and Childhood 403
MODULE 38 Adolescence: Becoming an Adult 423
MODULE 39 Adulthood 433

CHAPTER 13 Personality 444
MODULE 40 Psychodynamic Approaches to Personality 447
MODULE 41 Trait, Learning, Biological, Evolutionary, and Humanistic Approaches to Personality 457
MODULE 42 Assessing Personality: Determining What Makes Us Distinctive 469

CHAPTER 14 Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being 478
MODULE 43 Stress and Coping 481
MODULE 44 Psychological Aspects of Illness and Well-Being 493
MODULE 45 Promoting Health and Wellness 501

CHAPTER 15 Psychological Disorders 508
MODULE 46 Normal Versus Abnormal: Making the Distinction 511
MODULE 47 The Major Psychological Disorders 521
MODULE 48 Psychological Disorders in Perspective 542

CHAPTER 16 Treatment of Psychological Disorders 548
MODULE 49Psychotherapy: Psychodynamic, Behavioral, and Cognitive Approaches to Treatment 551
MODULE 50 Psychotherapy: Humanistic, Interpersonal, and Group Approaches to Treatment 563
MODULE 51iomedical Therapy: Biological Approaches to Treatment 571

CHAPTER 17 Social Psychology 582
MODULE 52 Attitudes and Social Cognition 585
MODULE 53 Social Influence and Groups 595
MODULE 54 Prejudice and Discrimination 603
MODULE 55 Positive and Negative Social Behavior 609
APPENDIX Going by the Numbers: Statistics in Psychology A-1
MODULE 56 Descriptive Statistics A-3
MODULE 57 Measures of Variability A-7
MODULE 58 Using Statistics to Answer Questions: Inferential Statistics and Correlation A-11