MARC details
| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
15695nam a22002897a 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
|---|
| control field |
OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
|---|
| control field |
20220716122434.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
220716b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
|---|
| International Standard Book Number |
9781003025900 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
|---|
| International Standard Book Number |
9780367458669 |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER |
|---|
| International Standard Book Number |
9058095541 |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE |
|---|
| Original cataloging agency |
BUL |
| Language of cataloging |
eng |
| Transcribing agency |
BUL |
| Modifying agency |
BUL |
| Description conventions |
rda |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER |
|---|
| Edition number |
23 |
| Classification number |
631.62 |
| Item number |
VLO |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Vlotman, Willem F. |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Modern land drainage : |
| Remainder of title |
planning, design and management of agricultural drainage systems / |
| Statement of responsibility, etc. |
Willem F. Vlotman, Lambert K. Smedema & David W. Rycroft. |
| 250 ## - EDITION STATEMENT |
|---|
| Edition statement |
2nd edition. |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. |
Boca Raton ; |
| -- |
London ; |
| -- |
New York : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. |
CRC press, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2020. |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Extent |
xxx, 478 p. : |
| Other physical details |
ill. |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE |
|---|
| General note |
Contents <br/>List of tables xv<br/>List of figures xix<br/>List of boxes xxv<br/>Preface xxvii<br/>About the authors xxix <br/>PART I <br/>Introduction 1 <br/> 1 Land drainage for agriculture 3<br/>1.1 Drainage objectives; Scope of the book 5<br/>1.2 Global drainage zones 8 <br/>1.2.1 Temperate zone 8<br/>1.2.2 Arid and semi-arid zone 9<br/>1.2.3 Humid and semi-humid zone 9 <br/> <br/>1.3 Agro-hydrological regimes 9<br/>1.4 Waterlogging control 11 <br/>1.4.1 Positive and adverse impacts 11<br/>1.4.2 Responses to improved drainage 13 <br/>1.5 Salinity control 17<br/>1.6 Drainage systems 17<br/>1.7 Bio-drainage 19<br/>1.8 Environmental impacts 20 <br/> <br/>1.8.1 Stream flow regimes 21 <br/>1.8.2 Water quality 21<br/>1.8.3 Wetlands and conservation drainage 24<br/>1.8.4 Public health 28 <br/>1.9 Drainage development considerations 28 <br/> 2 Planning and design considerations 31<br/>2.1 Design rainfall 33<br/>2.2 Percolation of excess irrigation water 37 <br/> vi Contents <br/>2.3 Design of field drainage systems 38 <br/>2.4 Determination of design criteria 39 <br/> 3 Remote sensing and field reconnaissance 41<br/>3.1 Need for drainage and problem diagnosis 41<br/>3.2 Remote sensing and aerial survey 42<br/>3.3 Field investigations 44<br/>3.4 Planning stakeholder engagement 44<br/>3.5 Stages of project preparation 45<br/>3.6 Operation, management and maintenance 46 <br/> 4 Assessment of costs 49<br/>4.1 Required information 49<br/>4.2 Discounting 51<br/>4.3 Evaluation indices 52<br/>4.4 Cost evaluation of open and pipe drainage systems incl. O&M 52<br/>4.5 Cost calculations for pipe drainage systems 54 <br/>PART II <br/>4.5.1 Cost structure for pipe drainage construction 54<br/>4.5.2 Guidelines for cost calculations 54<br/>4.5.3 Example cost calculation 55 <br/>Investigations 57 <br/> 5 Climate, land, soil and environment 59<br/>5.1 Climate 59 <br/>5.1.1 Climate; soil moisture balance calculations 59<br/>5.1.2 Climate: rainfall depth-duration-frequency studies 62 <br/>5.2 Topography 62<br/>5.3 Soil and land conditions 63<br/>5.4 Soil parameters and properties 65 <br/>5.4.1 Texture 65<br/>5.4.2 Plasticity index 68<br/>5.4.3 Bulk density and soil moisture content 69<br/>5.4.4 Sample quantity and density 70<br/>5.4.5 Data requirement for drain envelope design 70 <br/>5.5 Watertable and groundwater 71 <br/>5.5.1 Watertable observation wells 71 <br/>5.5.2 Piezometric studies 72<br/>5.5.3 Groundwater sampling 73 <br/>5.6 Hydrology and geohydrology 74<br/>5.6.1 Runoff and flooding 74 <br/>5.6.2 Outlet conditions 74<br/>5.6.3 Geohydrological conditions 74 <br/>5.7 Agriculture and irrigation 75<br/>5.8 Pilot areas and field testing 75 <br/>5.8.1 Types of pilot areas 76<br/>5.8.2 Analysis of results of pilot areas 77<br/>5.8.3 Visual drainage need assessment 77<br/>5.8.4 Statistical analysis 78 <br/>5.9 Environmental impact 79<br/>5.9.1 Environmental impact assessment 80<br/>5.9.2 Miscellaneous investigations 80 <br/> 6 Water in the soil 83<br/>6.1 Forms and nature of occurrence of water in the soil 83 <br/>6.2 Pressures in the soil water 85 <br/>6.3 Soil moisture characteristics 86<br/>6.4 Soil water potential and soil water movement 88 <br/>6.5 Unsaturated zone; soil moisture constants 90<br/>6.6 Infiltration and percolation 92 <br/>6.7 Groundwater flow; Laplace Equation 94 <br/> 7 Hydraulic conductivity 97<br/>7.1 Laboratory measurement 98 <br/>7.2 Field measurements below the watertable 100<br/>7.2.1 Augerhole method 100<br/>7.2.2 Piezometer method 105<br/>7.2.3 Drain outflow method 106 <br/>7.3 Field measurements above the watertable 108 <br/>7.3.1 Infiltrometer-method 108 <br/>7.3.2 Inverted augerhole method (Porchet method) 110<br/> <br/>7.4 Composed K-values 111<br/>7.5 Surveys and data processing 113 <br/>PART III <br/>Systems and technology 117 <br/> 8 Subsurface drainage systems 119<br/>8.1 Pipe drain systems 120<br/>8.2 Deep ditch systems 123<br/>8.3 Drainpipes 124<br/>8.4 Envelopes 129 <br/>8.4.1 Envelope need 129<br/>8.4.2 Material selection 133<br/>8.4.3 Envelope thickness 135 <br/> <br/>Contents vii <br/> <br/>viii Contents <br/>8.5 Envelope design guidelines and criteria 136<br/>8.5.1 Granular envelopes 136<br/>8.5.2 Organic envelopes 140<br/>8.5.3 Synthetic envelopes 140 <br/>8.6 Structures in pipe drain systems 144<br/>8.6.1 Surface water inlets 144 <br/>8.6.2 Inspection, junctions and control 144<br/>8.6.3 Crossings 146<br/>8.6.4 Outlet of a pipe drain into a ditch or canal 146<br/>8.6.5 Sump outlet 146 <br/>8.7 Construction of pipe drain systems 149<br/>8.7.1 Setting out, depth and grade control 149<br/>8.7.2 Installation methods and machinery 151<br/>8.7.3 Construction and quality control 156<br/>8.7.4 Timing of installation 157<br/>8.7.5 Installation below the watertable 157 <br/>8.7.6 Backfill 158 <br/> 9 Surface/shallow drainage systems 161<br/>9.1 Bedding systems 162<br/>9.2 Shallow ditch systems 164 <br/>9.2.1 Types of shallow ditch systems 164 <br/>9.2.2 Some technical aspects of shallow ditch systems 169 <br/>9.3 Mole drainage systems 172<br/>9.4 Pipe drainage systems 175<br/>9.5 Complementary measures 176 <br/> <br/>9.5.1 Sub-soiling 176<br/>9.5.2 Deep ploughing 178<br/>9.5.3 Chemical amendments and organic matter 178<br/>9.5.4 Land levelling 178 <br/>10 Main drainage systems 179<br/>10.1 Main features 179 <br/>10.1.1 Drainage basin (watershed, catchment) 180 <br/>10.1.2 Types and alignment of drainage canals 181<br/>10.1.3 Outlet and water levels 183 <br/>10.1.4 Outlet structures 185 <br/>10.2 Lowland and upland drainage 187 <br/>10.2.1 Lowland polder 187 <br/>10.2.2 River polders 188<br/>10.2.3 Upland discharges 190<br/>10.2.4 Drainage of urban areas 191 <br/>PART IV <br/>Design 193 <br/>11 Design of pipe drainage systems 195<br/>11.1 Flow patterns 195 <br/>11.2 Drain spacing formulae 199<br/>11.3 Hooghoudt formula 200 <br/>11.3.1 Use of the Hooghoudt formula 201<br/>11.3.2 Notes on the Hooghoudt formula 201<br/>11.3.3 Drain spacing determination in anisotropic soils 204 <br/>11.4 Non-steady state drainage formulae 205<br/>11.4.1 Falling watertable (Glover-Dumm formula) 206 <br/>11.4.2 Fluctuating watertable (de Zeeuw and Hellinga formula) 209 <br/>11.5 Basic design criteria 212<br/>11.5.1 Criteria for off-season drainage 212<br/>11.5.2 Criteria for crop-season drainage 214<br/>11.5.3 The impact of drain depth and drainable pore space 217<br/>11.5.4 Drainage criteria determined by simulation 217 <br/>11.6 Drain depth 218<br/>11.7 Pipe diameter 221 <br/>12 Design discharges 227<br/>12.1 Discharge transformation 227<br/>12.2 Design considerations 231<br/>12.3 Statistical analysis of observed discharges 233<br/>12.4 Flat basins 234 <br/> <br/>12.4.1 Subsurface drainage 235<br/>12.4.2 Shallow drainage 237 <br/>12.4.3 Further guidance for flat basins 239 <br/>12.5 Sloping basins 240<br/>12.5.1 Rational formula 240<br/>12.5.2 Curve number method 244<br/>12.5.3 Synthetic hydrographs 246 <br/> <br/> <br/>12.6 Area reduction formulae 249<br/>12.7 Discharge reduction through storage 250 <br/> <br/> <br/>12.7.1 Retention reservoirs 251<br/>12.7.2 Canal storage 256 <br/>13 Design of drainage canals, pumps and structures 261<br/>13.1 Drainage canals 261 <br/>13.1.1 Discharge rate 263<br/>13.1.2 Hydraulic gradient and water levels 265 <br/> <br/>Contents ix <br/> <br/>x Contents <br/>13.1.3 Permissible flow velocities 267 <br/>13.1.4 Cross-section 267<br/>13.1.5 Roughness coefficient 268 <br/>13.1.6 Freeboard 268 <br/> <br/> <br/>13.2 Structures in drainage canals 270<br/>13.2.1 Culverts and bridges 270<br/>13.2.2 Weirs 271<br/>13.2.3 Backwater curves 272 <br/>13.2.4 Example canal design 274 <br/> <br/>13.3 Tidal outlets 276<br/>13.3.1 Local variations in tide 276 <br/>13.3.2 Dischar ge through a sluice 278<br/>13.3.3 Example of calculations 279 <br/>13.4 Pumps 280<br/>13.4.1 Types of pumps 282<br/>13.4.2 Pumping head and characteristics 283<br/>13.4.3 Pump selection 285<br/>13.4.4 Sump and intake design 287<br/>13.4.5 Power and cost calculations 287 <br/>13.4.6 Example cost calculations of an electrically driven pump 288 <br/>PART V <br/> <br/>Salinity control 291 <br/>14 Soil salinity 293<br/>14.1 Forms of occurrence and distribution of salts in the soil 293 <br/>14.1.1 The soil solution 295<br/>14.1.2 Adsorbed cations 295<br/>14.1.3 Equilibrium relationships 297<br/>14.1.4 Distribution of salts in the soil 298 <br/>14.2 Agricultural impacts; diagnosis and assessment 298<br/>14.2.1 Osmotic problems 299<br/>14.2.2 Toxicity problems 304<br/>14.2.3 Dispersion problems 306<br/>14.2.4 Corrosion problems 307 <br/>14.3 Classification 308 <br/>14.3.1 Classification systems 308 <br/>14.3.2 Field appearance 310 <br/>14.4 Conventional mapping and sampling 311<br/>14.4.1 Sampling 311<br/>14.4.2 Laboratory analysis 312 <br/>14.5 New salinity measurement and mapping techniques 315 <br/>14.5.1 The EM38 316 <br/>14.5.2 Time Domain Reflectometry 316 <br/>14.5.3 Remote Sensing methods 317 <br/>15 Irrigation induced salinisation 319<br/>15.1 Salinisation by the applied irrigation water 319 <br/>15.2 Salinisation from the groundwater (capillary salinisation) 320 <br/>15.2.1 Critical watertable depth 321 <br/>15.2.2 Factors influencing capillary salinisation 321 <br/>15.3 Sodification 323 <br/>15.4 Salt balance of irrigated land 323 <br/>15.4.1 Leaching requirement calculations 326 <br/>15.4.2 Regional salt balances 327 <br/>15.5 Irrigation water quality 328 <br/>15.5.1 Salinity hazard 329<br/>15.5.2 Sodicity hazard 330<br/>15.5.3 Toxicity hazards 331<br/>15.5.4 Examples of irrigation water quality appraisal 332 <br/>16 Drainage of irrigated land 335<br/>16.1 Waterlogging and salinity 335<br/>16.2 Surface drainage 336<br/>16.3 Pipe drainage systems 338 <br/>16.3.1 Drain depth 339<br/>16.3.2 Design criteria 341<br/>16.3.3 Layout patterns 345 <br/>16.3.4 Pipe diameter 347 <br/>16.4 Well or vertical drainage 348<br/>16.4.1 Types of aquifers 348<br/>16.4.2 Design of well (vertical) drainage 350 <br/>16.5 Main drainage 351<br/>16.5.1 Design discharge 352<br/>16.5.2 Disposal of saline drainage water 352 <br/>PART VI <br/>Special topics 355 <br/>17 Seepage and interception 357<br/>17.1 Drainage systems for sloping land 357 <br/>17.1.1 Longitudinal drainage 358 <br/>17.1.2 Transverse drainage 358 <br/>17.2 Interception 360<br/>17.2.1 Interception of seepage down the slope 360 <br/>17.2.2 Interception of canal seepage 362 <br/> Contents xi <br/> xii Contents <br/>17.3 Natural drainage of river valleys 363<br/>17.4 Seepage into a polder 364 <br/>17.4.1 Semi-confined flow 364 <br/>17.4.2 Phreatic flow 366 <br/>17.5 Seep zones and springs 367 <br/>18 Reclamation and drainage of unripened soils 369<br/>18.1 The soil ripening processes 369 <br/>18.1.1 Physical ripening 369<br/>18.1.2 Other ripening processes 371 <br/>18.2 Reclamation and drainage methods 371<br/>18.2.1 Early reclamation stage 371<br/>18.2.2 Development of the hydraulic conductivity (K-value) 372<br/>18.2.3 Advanced reclamation stage 372<br/>18.2.4 Drainage, evaporation and ripening 373 <br/>18.3 Acid sulphate soils 374<br/>18.3.1 Acidification processes 374 <br/>18.3.2 Neutralisation and reclamation 374<br/>18.3.3 Diagnosis 375 <br/>18.4 Subsidence prediction 375<br/>18.4.1 Ripening subsidence 376<br/>18.4.2 Settlement subsidence due to lowering of the watertable 376 <br/>18.4.3 Oxidation of peat soils 378<br/>18.4.4 Experiences in the Netherlands 378 <br/>19 Drainage of rice lands 381<br/>19.1 Surface drainage 381<br/>19.2 Subsurface drainage 386<br/>19.3 Crop diversification 387 <br/>19.4 Flood control 388 <br/>20 Controlled drainage 391<br/>20.1 Issues and developments 391<br/>20.2 Design considerations 392 <br/>20.2.1 Layout and technical provisions 393 <br/>20.2.2 Drain depth 395<br/>20.2.3 Reuse arrangements 396<br/>20.2.4 Discharge control and watertable management 397 <br/>20.3 Operation and maintenance by farmers 400<br/>20.4 Controlled drainage at the regional level 403 <br/>21 Computer applications 405<br/>21.1 Drainage design applications 405 <br/>21.1.1 Field systems 406 <br/>21.1.2 Canal systems 406<br/>21.1.3 Preparation of drawings and documents 408 <br/>21.2 Rainfall discharge models 408<br/>21.2.1 TR-20 model 409<br/>21.2.2 HEC-HMS 409 <br/> <br/> <br/>21.3 Ground water flow models 409 <br/>21.3.1 Spreadsheet models 410<br/>21.3.2 MODFLOW and integrated programs 410 <br/>21.3.3 SGMP and SOURCE 410 <br/>21.4 Agrohydrological models 411<br/>21.4.1 DRAINMOD version 6 412<br/>21.4.2 SWAP 413 <br/>21.5 Salinity prediction models 414<br/>21.5.1 SALTMOD 414 <br/>21.5.2 WATSUIT 415<br/>PART VII <br/>Management and New Developments 417 <br/>22 Research and innovation 419<br/>22.1 Hydroluis pipe-envelope drainage 419<br/>22.2 Capiphon drain 420<br/>22.3 Precision agriculture for water quality control 420 <br/>22.4 Bi-level subsurface drainage 421 <br/>23 Institutional, organisational and financial arrangements 425<br/>23.1 Drainage laws 425<br/>23.2 Development and management models 426 <br/>23.2.1 Public/private good model 426<br/>23.2.2 Participatory development 426<br/>23.2.3 Management Transfer 428 <br/>23.3 Public drainage organisation 428<br/>23.4 Financing 430<br/>23.4.1 Investments 430<br/>23.4.2 Operation and maintenance costs 431<br/>23.4.3 Fee systems 431 <br/>24 Maintenance 435<br/>24.1 Classification 435<br/>24.2 Organisation, planning and execution 436<br/>24.3 Maintenance of open drainage canals 436 <br/>24.3.1 Problems 436<br/>24.3.2 Requirements 437 <br/> <br/>Contents xiii <br/> xiv Contents <br/>24.3.3 Methods and equipment 440<br/>24.3.4 Environmental considerations 442 <br/>24.4 Maintenance of pipe drains 442<br/>24.4.1 Pipe cleaning 443<br/>24.4.2 Entry of roots 444<br/>24.4.3 Chemical clogging (iron ochre, gypsum) 444<br/>24.4.4 Access facilities 445<br/>24.4.5 Costs 446 <br/>24.5 Developing countries 446 <br/>25 Performance assessment and benchmarking 449<br/>25.1 Drainage design and performance 449<br/>25.2 Indicators 450<br/>25.3 Performance assessment procedure 452 <br/>25.3.1 Preliminary investigations (first step) 453 <br/>25.3.2 Primary investigation (second step) 453<br/>25.3.3 Cause analysis (third step) 453 <br/>25.4 Performance checking of pipe systems 454<br/>25.5 Causes of under-performance of drainage systems 455 <br/>References and further reading 457<br/>Index 473 |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Water Resources |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Drainage systems |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM |
|---|
| Topical term or geographic name entry element |
Irrigation |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Smedema, Lambert K. |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
Rycroft, David W. |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS |
|---|
| Materials specified |
ebook |
| Uniform Resource Identifier |
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Busitema/Downloads/Modern%20Land%20Drainage%20Planning,%20Design%20and%20Management%20of%20Agricultural%20Drainage%20Systems,%202nd%20Edition%20(Willem%20F.%20Vlotman)%20(z-lib.org)%20(1).pdf">file:///C:/Users/Busitema/Downloads/Modern%20Land%20Drainage%20Planning,%20Design%20and%20Management%20of%20Agricultural%20Drainage%20Systems,%202nd%20Edition%20(Willem%20F.%20Vlotman)%20(z-lib.org)%20(1).pdf</a> |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Source of classification or shelving scheme |
Dewey Decimal Classification |
| Koha item type |
e Book |
| Edition |
2nd edition |
| Classification part |
631.62 |
| Item part |
1 |
| Call number prefix |
VLO |
| Call number suffix |
631.62 VLO |
